Exosomes: Their role in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of diseases

Aheget, H.; Mazini, L.; Martin, F.; Belqat, B.; Marchal, J.A.; Benabdellah, K.

Revista: Cancers

ISSN: 2072-6694

Año de publicación: 2021

Volumen: 13

Número: 1

Páginas: 1-45

DOI: 10.3390/CANCERS13010084

Resumen


Exosomes are lipid bilayer particles released from cells into their surrounding environment. These vesicles are mediators of near and long-distance intercellular communication and affect various aspects of cell biology. In addition to their biological function, they play an increasingly important role both in diagnosis and as therapeutic agents. In this paper, we review recent literature related to the molecular composition of exosomes, paying special attention to their role in pathogenesis, along with their application as biomarkers and as therapeutic tools. In this context, we analyze the potential use of exosomes in biomedicine, as well as the limitations that preclude their wider application.